Circular dichroism

Circular dichroism (CD) refers to the differential absorption of left and right circularly polarized light.

It is exhibited in the absorption bands of optically active chiral molecules. CD spectroscopy has a wide range of applications in many different fields.

Ultra Violet CD is used to investigate the secondary structure of proteins.

UV/Vis CD is used to investigate charge-transfer transitions.

Near-infrared CD is used to investigate geometric and electronic structure by probing metal d→d transitions.

Vibrational circular dichroism, which uses light from the infrared energy region, is used for structural studies of small organic molecules, and most recently proteins and DNA.

Electromagnetic radiation consists of an electric and magnetic field that oscillate perpendicular to one another and to the propagating direction.While linearly polarized light occurs when the electric field vector oscillates only in one plane and changes in magnitude, circularly polarized light occurs when the electric field vector rotates about its propagation direction and retains constant magnitude. Hence, it forms a helix in space while propagating. For left circularly polarized light (LCP) with propagation towards the observer, the electric vector rotates counterclockwise.For right circularly polarized light (RCP), the electric vector rotates clockwise.

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